History Events on February 03

The Portuguese navy defeats a joint fleet of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Venice, the Sultan of Gujarat, the Mamlûk Burji Sultanate of Egypt, the Zamorin of Calicut, and the Republic of Ragusa at the Battle of Diu in Diu, India.

#Portuguese_Empire

The colony of Massachusetts issues the first paper money in the Americas.

#Massachusetts_Bay_Colony

Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, becoming the first known European to travel so far south.

#Bartolomeu_Dias

Adolf Hitler announces that the expansion of Lebensraum into Eastern Europe, and its ruthless Germanisation, are the ultimate geopolitical objectives of Third Reich foreign policy.

#Adolf_Hitler

The Hawke's Bay earthquake, New Zealand's worst natural disaster, kills 258.

#1931_Hawke's_Bay_earthquake

During the Battle of Fraustadt Swedish forces defeat a superior Saxon-Polish-Russian force by deploying a double envelopment.

#Battle_of_Fraustadt

The SS Dorchester is sunk by a German U-boat. Only 230 of 902 men aboard survive.

#SS_Dorchester

The Twin Peaks Tunnel in San Francisco, California begins service as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world at 11,920 feet (3,633 meters) long.

#Twin_Peaks_Tunnel

Space Shuttle program: STS-60 is launched, carrying Sergei Krikalev, the first Russian cosmonaut to fly aboard the Shuttle

#Space_Shuttle_program

New York Police Officer Frank Serpico is shot during a drug bust in Brooklyn and survives to later testify against police corruption.

#Frank_Serpico

Communist Party of Vietnam is founded at a "Unification Conference" held in Kowloon, British Hong Kong.

#Communist_Party_of_Vietnam

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.

#Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution

A British military force, under Brigadier-General Sir Samuel Auchmuty captures the Spanish Empire city of Montevideo, now the capital of Uruguay.

#Samuel_Auchmuty_(British_Army_officer)

Two people are shot and killed and 29 students are taken hostage at a high school in Moscow, Russia.

#2014_Moscow_school_shooting

World War I: The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany two days after the latter announced a new policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.

#World_War_I

After a stroke two weeks previously, South African President P. W. Botha resigns as leader of the National Party, but stays on as president for six more months.

#Stroke

The Soviet Union's Luna 9 becomes the first spacecraft to make a soft landing on the Moon, and the first spacecraft to take pictures from the surface of the Moon.

#Soviet_Union

Space Shuttle program: STS-41-B is launched using Space Shuttle Challenger.

#Space_Shuttle_program

British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan speaks of "a wind of change", signalling that his Government was likely to support decolonisation.

#Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom

Rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson are killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa.

#Buddy_Holly

Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.

#Sultan

The Territory of Illinois is created by the 10th United States Congress.

#Illinois_Territory

Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona and Douce I, Countess of Provence marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.

#Ramon_Berenguer_III,_Count_of_Barcelona

Militia led by General Benjamin Lincoln crush the remnants of Shays' Rebellion in Petersham, Massachusetts.

#Benjamin_Lincoln

Founding of the Benelux Economic Union, creating a testing ground for a later European Economic Community.

#Benelux

Maratha forces under Chattrapati Shivaji defeat the Mughals in the Battle of Umberkhind.

#Maratha_Empire

The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.

#Sixteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution

José de San Martín defeats a Spanish royalist army at the Battle of San Lorenzo, part of the Argentine War of Independence.

#José_de_San_Martín

John Buster and the research team at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center announce history's first embryo transfer, from one woman to another resulting in a live birth.

#John_Buster

Astronaut Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to pilot the Space Shuttle as mission STS-63 gets underway from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

#Eileen_Collins

A military coup overthrows Alfredo Stroessner, dictator of Paraguay since 1954.

#Alfredo_Stroessner

The Centre Block of the Parliament buildings in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada burns down with the loss of 7 lives.

#Centre_Block

World War II: The United States and the Philippine Commonwealth begin a month-long battle to retake Manila from Japan.

#Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines

Cavalese cable car disaster: a United States military pilot causes the death of 20 people when his low-flying plane cuts the cable of a cable-car near Trento, Italy.

#Cavalese_cable_car_disaster_(1998)

American Revolutionary War: British forces seize the Dutch-owned Caribbean island Sint Eustatius.

#American_Revolutionary_War

More than 2,000 people of the Italian city of Cesena are killed by the Condottieri (papal armed forces) in the "Cesena Bloodbath".

#Cesena

World War II: During the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, U.S. Army and Marine forces seize Kwajalein Atoll from the defending Japanese garrison.

#World_War_II

World War II: As part of Operation Thunderclap, 1,000 B-17s of the Eighth Air Force bomb Berlin, a raid which kills between 2,500 and 3,000 and dehouses another 120,000.

#Bombing_of_Berlin_in_World_War_II

A Baghdad market bombing kills at least 135 people and injures a further 339.

The first day of the seven-day 1972 Iran blizzard, which would kill at least 4,000 people, making it the deadliest snowstorm in history.

The United States Air Forces begins Operation Looking Glass, and over the next 30 years, a "Doomsday Plane" is always in the air, with the capability of taking direct control of the United States' bombers and missiles in the event of the destruction of the SAC's command post.

The Batepá massacre occurred in São Tomé when the colonial administration and Portuguese landowners unleashed a wave of violence against the native creoles known as forros.

Wake Forest University is established.

The London Protocol of 1830 establishes the full independence and sovereignty of Greece from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence.

American Revolutionary War: Spain recognizes United States independence.