History Events on July 12

São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal.

#São_Tomé_and_Príncipe

The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple.

#Titus

Hartmann Schedel's Nuremberg Chronicle, one of the best-documented early printed books, is published.

#Hartmann_Schedel

The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Constituent Assembly.

#Civil_Constitution_of_the_Clergy

British ships inflict heavy damage on Spanish and French ships in the Second Battle of Algeciras.

#Second_Battle_of_Algeciras

The Ottomans capture Euboea.

#Ottoman_Empire

Battle of Aughrim (Julian calendar): The decisive victory of William III of England's forces in Ireland.

#Battle_of_Aughrim

Serbian forces begin their siege of the Bulgarian city of Vidin; the siege is later called off when the war ends.

#Kingdom_of_Serbia

The Soviet-Lithuanian Peace Treaty is signed, by which Soviet Russia recognizes the independence of Lithuania.

#Soviet-Lithuanian_Peace_Treaty

The Ostrog Bible, one of the early printed Bibles in a Slavic language, is published.

#Ostrog_Bible

German and Soviet forces engage in one of the largest armored engagements of all time.

#Nazi_Germany

The Rolling Stones perform their first concert, at London's Marquee Club.

#The_Rolling_Stones

In response to the dismissal of the French finance minister Jacques Necker, the radical journalist Camille Desmoulins gives a speech which results in the storming of the Bastille two days later.

#Jacques_Necker

U.S. Army Apache helicopters engage in airstrikes against civilians in Baghdad, Iraq; footage from the cockpit is later leaked to the Internet.

#United_States_Army

The Bisbee Deportation occurs as vigilantes kidnap and deport nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from Bisbee, Arizona.

#Bisbee_Deportation

Orlyonok, the main Young Pioneer camp of the Russian SFSR, is founded.

#Orlyonok

The 2006 Lebanon War begins.

#2006_Lebanon_War

King Constantine II of Scotland, King Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Ealdred of Bamburgh and King Owain of the Cumbrians accepted the overlordship of King Æthelstan of England, leading to seven years of peace in the north.

#Constantine_II_of_Scotland

Fray Diego de Landa, acting Bishop of Yucatán, burns the sacred books of the Maya.

#Diego_de_Landa

The Imperial Japanese Navy battleship Kawachi blows up at Shunan, western Honshu, Japan, killing at least 621.

#Imperial_Japanese_Navy

The island nation of Kiribati becomes independent from the United Kingdom.

#Kiribati

The Ulster Volunteer Force attacked a house in Ballymoney, County Antrim, Northern Ireland with a petrol bomb, killing the Quinn brothers.

#Ulster_Volunteer_Force

Mughal Empire annexes Bengal after defeating the Bengal Sultanate at the Battle of Raj Mahal.

#Mughal_Empire

Third Crusade: Saladin's garrison surrenders to Philip Augustus, ending the two-year siege of Acre.

#Third_Crusade

Captain James Cook begins his third voyage.

#James_Cook

Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders the expulsion of Palestinians from the towns of Lod and Ramla.

#David_Ben-Gurion

A fire destroys the entire sixth floor of the National Personnel Records Center of the United States.

#National_Personnel_Records_Center_fire

Ranjit Singh conquers Lahore and becomes Maharaja of the Punjab (Sikh Empire).

#Ranjit_Singh

The Medal of Honor is authorized by the United States Congress.

#Medal_of_Honor

Indian city Pune floods due to failure of the Khadakwasla and Panshet dams, killing at least two thousand people.

#India

Six people are killed and 200 injured in a French passenger train derailment in Brétigny-sur-Orge.

#Brétigny-sur-Orge_train_crash

Pauline Reade, 16, disappears in Gorton, England, the first victim in the Moors murders.

#Gorton

The Australian Aboriginal Flag is flown for the first time.

#Australian_Aboriginal_Flag

A tank truck explosion kills more than 100 people in Okobie, Nigeria.

Syrian Civil War: Government forces target the homes of rebels and activists in Tremseh and kill anywhere between 68 and 150 people.

Riots begin in Newark, New Jersey.

The American Army of the Northwest briefly occupies the Upper Canadian settlement at what is now at Windsor, Ontario.

Sixteen German imperial states leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine.

King Henry VIII of England marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr, at Hampton Court Palace.

Lê Cung Hoàng ceded the throne to M?c ??ng Dung, ending the Lê dynasty and starting the M?c dynasty.