History Events on September 13

Henry Hudson reaches the river that would later be named after him – the Hudson River.

#Henry_Hudson

Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Scottish Royalists are defeated by Covenanters at the Battle of Philiphaugh.

#Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms

Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin shakes hands with Palestine Liberation Organization chairman Yasser Arafat at the White House after signing the Oslo Accords granting limited Palestinian autonomy.

#Yitzhak_Rabin

Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American troops under General Winfield Scott capture Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.

#Mexican-American_War

The Merrimack Valley gas explosions: One person is killed, 25 are injured, and 40 homes are destroyed when excessive natural gas pressure caused fires and explosions.

#Merrimack_Valley_gas_explosions

Battle of the Plains of Abraham: the British defeat the French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.

#Battle_of_the_Plains_of_Abraham

Following a military coup in Spain, Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.

#Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera

Finnish War: In the Battle of Jutas, Swedish forces under Lieutenant General Georg Carl von Döbeln beat the Russians, making von Döbeln a Swedish war hero.

#Finnish_War

Taliban insurgents attack the United States consulate in Herat, Afghanistan, with two members of the Afghan National Police reported dead and about 20 civilians injured.

#Taliban

Anglo-Egyptian War: The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is fought.

#Anglo-Egyptian_War

Italian Renaissance: Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.

#Italian_Renaissance

American Civil War: Union soldiers find a copy of Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland. It is the prelude to the Battle of Antietam.

#American_Civil_War

World War II: Start of the Battle of Meligalas between the Greek Resistance forces of the Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) and the collaborationist security battalions.

#Battle_of_Meligalas

American Revolutionary War: Franco-Spanish troops launch the unsuccessful "grand assault" during the Great Siege of Gibraltar.

#American_Revolutionary_War

Mackinder, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199 m – 17,058 ft), the highest peak of Mount Kenya.

#Halford_Mackinder

Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.

#Isabella_I_of_Castile

The IBM 305 RAMAC is introduced, the first commercial computer to use disk storage.

#IBM_305_RAMAC

World War I: The Battle of Aisne begins between Germany and France.

#World_War_I

War of 1812: A supply wagon sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack at the Narrows.

#War_of_1812

In a turning point in the War of 1812, the British fail to capture Baltimore. During the battle, Francis Scott Key composes his poem "Defence of Fort McHenry", which is later set to music and becomes the United States' national anthem.

#Baltimore

Delhi, India, is hit by a series of bomb blasts, resulting in 30 deaths and 130 injuries.

#Delhi

Martin Luther King Jr. addresses a crowd of 20,000 West Berliners on Sunday, in Waldbühne.

#Martin_Luther_King_Jr.

After three years of exile, John Calvin returns to Geneva to reform the church under a body of doctrine known as Calvinism.

#John_Calvin

Cold War: Albania leaves the Warsaw Pact.

#Cold_War

Yax Nuun Ahiin I is crowned as 15th Ajaw of Tikal

#Yax_Nuun_Ahiin_I

Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the United States after the September 11 attacks.

#September_11_attacks

Hurricane Ike makes landfall on the Texas Gulf Coast of the United States, causing heavy damage to Galveston Island, Houston, and surrounding areas.

#Hurricane_Ike

South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognised outside South Africa).

#Venda

Margaret Chase Smith is elected United States senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

#Margaret_Chase_Smith

Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and causing some to die from radiation poisoning.

#Goiânia_accident

World War II: Second day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge in the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines successfully defeated attacks by the Japanese with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.

#World_War_II

Chairman Mao Zedong's second in command and successor Marshal Lin Biao flees the People's Republic of China after the failure of an alleged coup. His plane crashes in Mongolia, killing all aboard.

#Mao_Zedong

Largest anti-Apartheid march in South Africa, led by Desmond Tutu.

#Apartheid

An appeals court orders the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith, the first African-American student admitted to the segregated university.

#James_Meredith

Great Britain, Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms.

#Kingdom_of_Sardinia

Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia.

#Lucius_Tarquinius_Priscus

South Vietnamese Generals Lâm V?n Phát and D??ng V?n ??c fail in a coup attempt against General Nguy?n Khánh.

#Army_of_the_Republic_of_Vietnam

The Santos-Dumont 14-bis makes a short hop, the first flight of a fixed-wing aircraft in Europe.

#Santos-Dumont_14-bis

Elizabeth McCombs becomes the first woman elected to the New Zealand Parliament.

#Elizabeth_McCombs

Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimum, near Carthage, North Africa.

#Belisarius

Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.

#Hannibal_Goodwin

Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere, later replaced by Hurricane Wilma in 2005 (based on barometric pressure).

#Hurricane_Gilbert

General Motors introduces Diesel engine, with Oldsmobile Diesel engine, in the Delta 88, Oldsmobile 98, and Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser models amongst others.

#General_Motors

Deputy Prime Minister of India Vallabhbhai Patel orders the Army to move into Hyderabad to integrate it with the Indian Union.

#Vallabhbhai_Patel

Vermont railroad worker Phineas Gage survives an iron rod 1 1?4 inches (3.2 cm) in diameter being driven through his brain; the reported effects on his behavior and personality stimulate discussion of the nature of the brain and its functions.

#Phineas_Gage

Nikita Khrushchev is appointed General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

#Nikita_Khrushchev

Ögedei Khan is proclaimed Khagan of the Mongol Empire in Kodoe Aral, Khentii: Mongolia.

#Ögedei_Khan

The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.

#Temple_of_Jupiter_Optimus_Maximus

The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is adopted by the United Nations General Assembly.

Super Mario Bros. is released in Japan for the NES, which starts the Super Mario series of platforming games.

State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to quell a prison revolt, which claimed 43 lives.

The dike around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.

The final act of the Greco-Turkish War, the Great Fire of Smyrna, commences.

Filipino insurgents defeat a small American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine-American War.

Henry Bliss is the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident.

The Greek Army rebels (OS date: September 3) against the autocratic rule of king Otto of Greece, demanding the granting of a constitution.

King Louis XVI of France accepts the new constitution.

The Philadelphia Convention sets the date for the first presidential election in the United States, and New York City becomes the country's temporary capital.

San Lorenzo del Escorial Palace in Madrid is finished.

Battle of Tangier: a Portuguese expeditionary force initiates a failed attempt to seize the Moroccan citadel of Tangier.