History Events on September 02

A massive landslide destroys the town of Goldau, Switzerland, killing 457.

#Goldau

Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politicians and former MPs M. Alalasundaram and V. Dharmalingam are shot dead.

#Sri_Lankan_Civil_War

Arthur Rose Eldred is awarded the first Eagle Scout award of the Boy Scouts of America.

#Arthur_Rose_Eldred

Great Britain, along with its overseas possessions, adopts the Gregorian calendar.

#British_Empire

Israel-Palestinian conflict: the 2010 Israeli-Palestinian peace talks are launched by the United States.

#Israeli-Palestinian_conflict

In Moscow, the trial begins for 19-year-old pilot Mathias Rust, who flew his Cessna airplane into Red Square in May.

#Mathias_Rust

The Great Fire of London breaks out and burns for three days, destroying 10,000 buildings, including Old St Paul's Cathedral.

#Great_Fire_of_London

Hurricane Dorian, a category 5 hurricane, devastates the Bahamas, killing at least five.

#Hurricane_Dorian

American Civil War: United States President Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George B. McClellan to full command after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run.

#American_Civil_War

The 7.7 Mw? Nicaragua earthquake affected the west coast of Nicaragua. With a Ms-Mw disparity of half a unit, this tsunami earthquake triggered a tsunami that caused most of the damage and casualties, with at least 116 killed. Typical runup heights were 3-8 meters (9.8-26.2 ft).

#1992_Nicaragua_earthquake

The Eastern span replacement of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge opens at 10:15 PM at a cost of $6.4 billion, after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake damaged the old span.

#Eastern_span_replacement_of_the_San_Francisco-Oakland_Bay_Bridge

CBS Evening News becomes U.S. network television's first half-hour weeknight news broadcast, when the show is lengthened from 15 to 30 minutes.

#CBS_Evening_News

Vietnam declares its independence, forming the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

#Vietnam

Vice President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.

#Theodore_Roosevelt

American Civil War: Union forces enter Atlanta, a day after the Confederate defenders flee the city, ending the Atlanta Campaign.

#Atlanta

NASA announces the cancellation of two Apollo missions to the Moon, Apollo 15 (the designation is re-used by a later mission), and Apollo 19.

#NASA

Transnistria is unilaterally proclaimed a Soviet republic; the Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev declares the decision null and void.

#Transnistria

The Andhra Pradesh, India helicopter crash occurred near Rudrakonda Hill, 40 nautical miles (74 km) from Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India. Fatalities included Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

#2009_Andhra_Pradesh_Chief_Minister_helicopter_crash

The UN's International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide.

#United_Nations

Battle of Omdurman: British and Egyptian troops defeat Sudanese tribesmen and establish British dominance in Sudan.

#Battle_of_Omdurman

Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan: Prussian forces take Napoleon III of France and 100,000 of his soldiers prisoner.

#Franco-Prussian_War

Swissair Flight 111 crashes near Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia; all 229 people onboard are killed.

#Swissair_Flight_111

The British Royal Navy bombards Copenhagen with fire bombs and phosphorus rockets to prevent Denmark from surrendering its fleet to Napoleon.

#Battle_of_Copenhagen_(1807)

The United States Department of the Treasury is founded.

#United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury

The Interim Government of India is formed, headed by Jawaharlal Nehru as Vice President with the powers of a Prime Minister.

#Interim_Government_of_India

The National Museum of Brazil is destroyed by a fire, with the loss of over 90% of the museum's collection.

#National_Museum_of_Brazil

Cicero launches the first of his Philippicae (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of them over the following months.

#Cicero

During what became known as the September Massacres of the French Revolution, rampaging mobs slaughter three Roman Catholic bishops, more than two hundred priests, and prisoners believed to be royalist sympathizers.

#September_Massacres

United States Air Force C-130A-II is shot down by fighters over Yerevan in Armenia when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a sigint mission. All crew members are killed.

#United_States_Air_Force

The first election of the Parliament of the Central Tibetan Administration, in history of Tibet. The Tibetan community observes this date as Democracy Day.

#Parliament_of_the_Central_Tibetan_Administration

Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Japan, marries Masako Ichij?, thereafter known as Empress Sh?ken.

#Emperor_Meiji

Rock Springs massacre: In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners, who are struggling to unionize so they could strike for better wages and work conditions, attack their Chinese fellow workers killing 28, wounding 15 and forcing several hundred more out of town.

#Rock_Springs_massacre

Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.

#Pharaoh

World War II: Combat ends in the Pacific Theater: The Japanese Instrument of Surrender is signed by Japanese Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu and accepted aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.

#Pacific_War

Operation OAU begins during the Nigerian Civil War.

#Operation_OAU

World War II: Following the start of the invasion of Poland the previous day, the Free City of Danzig (now Gda?sk, Poland) is annexed by Nazi Germany.

#Invasion_of_Poland

The Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro.

#Castro,_Lazio

Seven people are shot and killed and 12 wounded in the Milperra massacre, a shootout between the rival motorcycle gangs Bandidos and Comancheros in Sydney, Australia.

President Ngô ?ình Di?m of South Vietnam becomes the first foreign head of state to make a state visit to Australia.

The Labor Day Hurricane, the most intense hurricane to strike the United States, makes landfall at Long Key, Florida, killing at least 400.

The Tianjing incident takes place in Nanjing, China.

The Treaty of Jaffa is signed between Richard I of England and Saladin, leading to the end of the Third Crusade.

Final War of the Roman Republic: Battle of Actium: Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.