History Events on October 11

NASA launches Pioneer 1, its first space probe, although it fails to achieve a stable orbit.

#Pioneer_1

NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission.

#Apollo_7

A race riot occurs on the United States Navy aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk off the coast of Vietnam.

#USS_Kitty_Hawk_riot

The Tuvan People's Republic is annexed by the Soviet Union.

#Tuvan_People's_Republic

A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.

#1138_Aleppo_earthquake

A migrant boat sinks in the Channel of Sicily, with at least 34 people drowning.

#2013_Lampedusa_migrant_shipwreck

A peace treaty ends the Jin-Song wars.

#Treaty_of_Shaoxing

The Second Vatican Council becomes the first ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church in 92 years.

#Second_Vatican_Council

Aeroflot Flight 3352 crashes into maintenance vehicles upon landing in Omsk, Russia, killing 178.

#Aeroflot_Flight_3352

American Revolution: A fleet of American boats on Lake Champlain is defeated by the Royal Navy, but delays the British advance until 1777.

#Battle_of_Valcour_Island

The New Netherland Company applies to the States General of the Netherlands for exclusive trading rights in what is now the northeastern United States.

#New_Netherland_Company

The Juliana begins operation as the first steam-powered ferry in New York harbor.

#John_Stevens_(inventor,_born_1749)

Huldrych Zwingli is killed in battle with the Roman Catholic cantons of Switzerland.

#Huldrych_Zwingli

Prof. Anita Hill delivers her televised testimony concerning sexual harassment during the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination.

#Anita_Hill

Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.

#Kathryn_D._Sullivan

George Washington is posthumously promoted to the grade of General of the Armies.

#George_Washington

Soyuz MS-10, launching an intended crew for the ISS, suffers an in-flight abort. The crew lands safely.

#Soyuz_MS-10

Surveying for the Mason-Dixon line separating Maryland from Pennsylvania is completed.

#Mason-Dixon_line

First Balkan War: The day after the Battle of Sarantaporo, Greek troops liberate the city of Kozani.

#Battle_of_Sarantaporo

American Civil War: Confederate troops conduct a raid on Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.

#Raid_on_Chambersburg

World War II: Off Guadalcanal, United States Navy ships intercept and defeat a Japanese force.

#Battle_of_Cape_Esperance

The Royal Navy decisively defeats the Batavian Navy at Camperdown during the French Revolutionary Wars.

#Battle_of_Camperdown

Cromwell's New Model Army Sacks Wexford, killing over 2,000 Irish Confederate troops and 1,500 civilians.

#Sack_of_Wexford

The Duke and Duchess of Windsor tour Nazi Germany for 12 days and meet Adolf Hitler on the 22nd.

#Edward_VIII

A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Finland kills seven.

#Myyrmanni_bombing

In Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded.

#Daughters_of_the_American_Revolution

Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Iceland to continue discussions about scaling back IRBM arsenals in Europe.

#Ronald_Reagan

Hundreds of black men and women march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion.

#Morant_Bay_rebellion

The Burchardi flood kills around 15,000 in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany.

#Burchardi_flood

The Maronite leader Bashir Shihab II surrenders to the Ottoman Empire and later is sent to Malta in exile.

#Bashir_Shihab_II

The Second Boer War erupts in South Africa between the British-ruled Cape Colony, and the Boer-ruled Transvaal and Orange Free State.

#Second_Boer_War

NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission.

#STS-92

In accord with the 1954 Geneva Conference, French troops complete their withdrawal from North Vietnam.

#1954_Geneva_Conference

The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection.

Start of Operation Pawan by Indian forces in Sri Lanka. Thousands of civilians, insurgents, soldiers die.

The AIDS Memorial Quilt is first displayed during the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights.

CBS's field-sequential color system for television is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission.

Beginning of the National Liberation War of Macedonia.

The 7.1 Mw San Fermín earthquake shakes Puerto Rico. The quake and resulting tsunami kill up to 116 people.

Piloted by Arch Hoxsey, Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane.

San Francisco sparks a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan by ordering segregated schools for Japanese students.

The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney.

The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of English kings with the Ordinances of 1311.