History Events on November 03

The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal.

#Bank_of_Montreal

Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 10 toward Mercury. On March 29, 1974, it becomes the first space probe to reach that planet.

#Mariner_program

William Howard Taft is elected the 27th President of the United States.

#William_Howard_Taft

Iran-Contra affair: The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the United States has been secretly selling weapons to Iran in order to secure the release of seven American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.

#Iran-Contra_affair

Giuseppe Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would be achieved three years later).

#Giuseppe_Garibaldi

George II of Greece regains his throne through a popular, though possibly fixed, plebiscite.

#George_II_of_Greece

Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia, on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor.

#Constantius_II

Napoleon's armies are defeated at the Battle of Vyazma.

#Napoleon

Lyndon B. Johnson is elected to a full term, winning 61% of the vote and 44 states, while Washington D.C. residents are able to vote in a presidential election for the first time, casting the majority of their votes for Lyndon Johnson.

#Lyndon_B._Johnson

Panagis Tsaldaris becomes the 142nd Prime Minister of Greece.

#Panagis_Tsaldaris

The Salang Tunnel fire in Afghanistan kills up to 2,000 people.

#Salang_Tunnel_fire

World War II: The Koli Point action begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 12.

#World_War_II

Liège is sacked by Charles I of Burgundy's troops.

#Liège

The first District Court established by the United States Constitution opens in New York City.

#United_States_district_court

The land that would become the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge was established by an Act of Congress after a year-long legal battle that pitted local residents against Port Authority of New York and New Jersey officials wishing to turn the Great Swamp into a major regional airport for jet aircraft.

#Great_Swamp_National_Wildlife_Refuge

With the encouragement of the United States, Panama separates from Colombia.

#Panama

Sri Lankan Tamil mercenaries try to overthrow the Maldivian government. At President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's request, the Indian military suppresses the coup attempt within 24 hours.

#Sri_Lanka

Franklin D. Roosevelt is re-elected President of the United States.

#Franklin_D._Roosevelt

The Federated States of Micronesia gain independence from the United States of America.

#Federated_States_of_Micronesia

The United States of America imposes economic sanctions against Sudan in response to its human rights abuses of its own citizens and its material and political assistance to Islamic extremist groups across the Middle East and Eastern Africa.

#Economic_sanctions

John Willis Menard (R-Louisiana) was the first African American elected to the United States Congress. Because of an electoral challenge, he was never seated.

#John_Willis_Menard

The River Arno flooding causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.

#Arno

Christopher Columbus first sights the island of Dominica in the Caribbean Sea.

#Christopher_Columbus

Syed Nazrul Islam, A. H. M. Qamaruzzaman, Tajuddin Ahmad, and Muhammad Mansur Ali, Bangladeshi politicians and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman loyalists, are murdered in the Dhaka Central Jail.

#Syed_Nazrul_Islam

Hungarian Revolution: A new Hungarian government is formed, in which many members of banned non-Communist parties participate. During negotiations on Tököl Island ostensibly on Soviet troop withdrawal, the KGB arrests Pál Maléter and other Hungarian Revolutionary commanders, effectively decapitating the Revolution's military leadership. János Kádár and Ferenc Münnich form a counter-government in Moscow as Soviet troops ready for the final assault.

#Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956

Suez Crisis: The Khan Yunis killings by the Israel Defense Forces in Egyptian-controlled Gaza result in the deaths of 275 Palestinians.

#Suez_Crisis

The American Continental Army is disbanded.

#Continental_Army

One World Trade Center officially opens. It is the replacement for the World Trade Center Twin Towers, in New York City, after it had been attacked by two planes during the September 11 Attacks.

#One_World_Trade_Center

Vietnam War: The Battle of Dak To begins.

#Vietnam_War

Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.

#Dominica

The Constitution of Japan is adopted through Emperor's assent.

#Constitution_of_Japan

Austria-Hungary enters into the Armistice of Villa Giusti with the Allies, and the Habsburg-ruled empire dissolves.

#Austria-Hungary

Getúlio Vargas becomes Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil after a bloodless coup on October 24.

#Getúlio_Vargas

World War II: Two supreme commanders of the Slovak National Uprising, Generals Ján Golian and Rudolf Viest are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces.

#Slovak_National_Uprising

Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.

#Chevrolet

Death of Abdullah Çatl?, leader of the Turkish ultra-nationalist organisation Grey Wolves in the Susurluk car-crash, which leads to the resignation of the Turkish Interior Minister, Mehmet A?ar (a leader of the True Path Party, DYP).

Greensboro massacre: Five members of the Communist Workers Party are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States.

Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon addresses the nation on television and radio, asking the "silent majority" to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam War effort and to support his policies.

Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter orbit, a dog named Laika.

World War II: Five hundred aircraft of the U.S. 8th Air Force devastate Wilhelmshaven harbor in Germany.

The German Revolution of 1918-19 begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.

France withdraws its troops from Fashoda (now in Sudan), ending the Fashoda Incident.

American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the poet" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves a clue that eventually leads to his capture.

The Mapuche uprising of 1881 begins in Chile.

A greatly revised Dutch constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of parliament and ministers, is proclaimed.

The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.

French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.

The city of San Luis Potosí is founded.

English Parliament passes the first Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the Anglican Church, supplanting the pope and the Roman Catholic Church.

Peace of Etaples between Henry VII of England and Charles VIII of France.

Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim caliph, is assassinated by a Persian slave in Medina.