History Events on May 13

During a visit to Caracas, Venezuela, Vice President Richard Nixon's car is attacked by anti-American demonstrators.

#Caracas

The 400th anniversary of the founding of the National University of San Marcos is commemorated by the opening of the first large-capacity stadium in Peru.

#National_University_of_San_Marcos

American Civil War: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom issues a "proclamation of neutrality" which recognizes the Confederacy as having belligerent rights.

#American_Civil_War

American Civil War: Battle of Palmito Ranch: In far south Texas, the last land battle of the Civil War ends with a Confederate victory.

#Battle_of_Palmito_Ranch

The Royal Flying Corps, the forerunner of the Royal Air Force, is established in the United Kingdom.

#Royal_Flying_Corps

Alison Hargreaves, a 33-year-old British mother, becomes the first woman to conquer Everest without oxygen or the help of sherpas.

#Alison_Hargreaves

The first round of the Formula One World Championship is held at Silverstone.

#Formula_One

Li Hongzhi gives the first public lecture on Falun Gong in Changchun, People's Republic of China.

#Li_Hongzhi

The Troubles: A car bombing outside a crowded pub in Belfast sparks a two-day gun battle involving the Provisional IRA, Ulster Volunteer Force and British Army. Seven people are killed and over 66 injured.

#The_Troubles

Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after being convicted of treason.

#Johan_van_Oldenbarnevelt

The USS Planter, a steamer and gunship, steals through Confederate lines and is passed to the Union, by a southern slave, Robert Smalls, who later was officially appointed as captain, becoming the first black man to command a United States ship.

#USS_Planter_(1862)

Battle of Langside: The forces of Mary, Queen of Scots, are defeated by a confederacy of Scottish Protestants under James Stewart, Earl of Moray, her half-brother.

#Battle_of_Langside

Three children report the first apparition of Our Lady of Fátima in Fátima, Portugal.

#Our_Lady_of_Fátima

War of the Bavarian Succession: Russian and French mediators at the Congress of Teschen negotiate an end to the war. In the agreement Austria receives the part of its territory that was taken from it (the Innviertel).

#War_of_the_Bavarian_Succession

American Civil War: Battle of Resaca: The battle begins with Union General Sherman fighting toward Atlanta.

#Battle_of_Resaca

Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book Revelations of Divine Love.

#Julian_of_Norwich

In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison performs the first test of his electric railway.

#Menlo_Park,_New_Jersey

World War II: Germany's conquest of France begins as the German army crosses the Meuse. Winston Churchill makes his "blood, toil, tears, and sweat" speech to the House of Commons.

#World_War_II

The first Giro d'Italia starts from Milan. Italian cyclist Luigi Ganna will be the winner.

#Giro_d'Italia

Mary Tudor, Queen of France, and Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, are officially married at Greenwich.

#Mary_Tudor,_Queen_of_France

Over 900 unarmed Bengali Hindus are murdered in the Demra massacre.

#Demra_massacre

The Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India, holds its first sitting.

#Rajya_Sabha

World War II: Yugoslav royal colonel Dragoljub Mihailovi? starts fighting against German occupation troops, beginning the Serbian resistance.

#Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia

The original Broadway production of The Pajama Game opens and runs for another 1,063 performances. Later received three Tony Awards for Best Musical, Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical, and Best Choreography.

#Broadway_theatre

Ecuador gains its independence from Gran Colombia.

#Ecuador

World War II: Operations Vulcan and Strike force the surrender of the last Axis troops in Tunisia.

#Operations_Vulcan_and_Strike

Mexican-American War: The United States declares war on the Federal Republic of Mexico following a dispute over the American annexation of the Republic of Texas and a Mexican military incursion.

#Mexican-American_War

Arab-Israeli War: The Kfar Etzion massacre is committed by Arab irregulars, the day before the declaration of independence of the state of Israel on May 14.

#1948_Arab-Israeli_War

Hundreds of University of California, Berkeley students congregate for the first day of protest against a visit by the House Committee on Un-American Activities.

#University_of_California,_Berkeley

Two bombs explode in the Charsadda District of Pakistan killing 98 people and wounding 140 others.

#2011_Charsadda_bombing

Ben Carlin becomes the first (and only) person to circumnavigate the world by amphibious vehicle, having travelled over 17,000 kilometres (11,000 mi) by sea and 62,000 kilometres (39,000 mi) by land during a ten-year journey.

#Ben_Carlin

Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands flees her country to Great Britain after the German invasion. Princess Juliana takes her children to Canada for their safety.

#Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands

Dr. Zakir Husain becomes the third President of India. He is the first Muslim President of the Indian Union. He holds this position until August 24, 1969.

#Zakir_Husain_(politician)

Pakistan's (then a part of British India) first railway line opens, from Karachi to Kotri.

#Pakistan_Railways

Faulty electrical wiring ignites a fire underneath the Playtown Cabaret in Osaka, Japan. Blocked exits and non-functional elevators lead to 118 fatalities, with many victims leaping to their deaths.

#Electrical_wiring

Captain Arthur Phillip leaves Portsmouth, England, with eleven ships full of convicts (the "First Fleet") to establish a penal colony in Australia.

#Captain_(Royal_Navy)

An explosion at an underground coal mine in southwest Turkey kills 301 miners.

#Soma_mine_disaster

The anti-National Service Riots, by Chinese middle school students in Singapore, take place.

#1954_National_Service_riots

With the passage of the Lei Áurea ("Golden Law"), Empire of Brazil abolishes slavery.

#Lei_Áurea

American physician Kermit Gosnell is found guilty in Pennsylvania of murdering three infants born alive during attempted abortions, involuntary manslaughter of a woman during an abortion procedure, and other charges.

Forty-nine dismembered bodies are discovered by Mexican authorities on Mexican Federal Highway 40.

São Paulo violence: Rebellions occur in several prisons in Brazil.

Andijan uprising, Uzbekistan; Troops open fire on crowds of protestors after a prison break; at least 187 people were killed according to official estimates.

India carries out two nuclear tests at Pokhran, following the three conducted on May 11. The United States and Japan impose economic sanctions on India.

Race riots break out in Jakarta, Indonesia, where shops owned by Indonesians of Chinese descent are looted and women raped.

Severe thunderstorms and a tornado in Bangladesh kill 600 people.

#Thunderstorm

The Dinamo-Red Star riot took place at Maksimir Stadium in Zagreb, Croatia between the Bad Blue Boys (fans of Dinamo Zagreb) and the Delije (fans of Red Star Belgrade).

Large groups of students occupy Tiananmen Square and begin a hunger strike.

Police bombed MOVE headquarters in Philadelphia to end a stand-off, killing six adults and five children, and destroying the homes of 250 city residents.

Mehmet Ali A?ca attempts to assassinate Pope John Paul II in St. Peter's Square in Rome. The Pope is rushed to the Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic to undergo emergency surgery and survives.

An F3 tornado hits Kalamazoo County, Michigan. President Jimmy Carter declares it a federal disaster area.

May 13 Incident involving sectarian violence in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

May 1958 crisis: A group of French military officers lead a coup in Algiers demanding that a government of national unity be formed with Charles de Gaulle at its head in order to defend French control of Algeria.

The Great Comet of 1861 is discovered by John Tebbutt of Windsor, New South Wales, Australia.

Forces sent by Yusuf Karamanli of Tripoli to retake Derna from the Americans attack the city.

The Cumberland Compact is signed by leaders of the settlers in the Cumberland River area of what would become the U.S. state of Tennessee, providing for democratic government and a formal system of justice.