History Events on March 23

After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home.

#Louisiana_Purchase

Eleftherios Venizelos calls for Crete's union with Greece, and begins what is to be known as the Theriso revolt.

#Eleftherios_Venizelos

At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martínez.

#Tijuana

Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.

#Taiwan

War of the Pacific: The Battle of Topáter, the first battle of the war is fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia and Peru.

#War_of_the_Pacific

Strategic Defense Initiative: President Ronald Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles.

#Strategic_Defense_Initiative

NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).

#NASA

The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded.

#John_Wickliffe_(ship)

Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle.

#Tsar

A United States Air Force (USAF) F-16 aircraft collides with a USAF C-130 at Pope Air Force Base and then crashes, killing 24 United States Army soldiers on the ground. This later became known as the Green Ramp disaster.

#General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon

Archbishop Óscar Romero of El Salvador gives his famous speech appealing to men of the El Salvadoran armed forces to stop killing the Salvadorans.

#Óscar_Romero

Greek War of Independence: Battle and fall of city of Kalamata.

#Greek_War_of_Independence

The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.

#University_of_California

The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is established by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, British India.

#Ahmadiyya

Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.

#Theodore_Roosevelt

Battle of Nasiriyah, first major conflict during the invasion of Iraq.

#Battle_of_Nasiriyah

The US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces declared military victory over the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant after four years of fighting, although the group maintains a scattered presence and sleeper cells across Syria and Iraq.

#Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant

In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.

#Milan

The Tr?n dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by H? Quý Ly, a court official.

#Tr?n_dynasty

Official opening of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad, India

#Rajiv_Gandhi_International_Airport

The Revolutionary United Front, with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia, invades Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow Joseph Saidu Momoh, sparking the 11-year Sierra Leone Civil War.

#Revolutionary_United_Front

James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth as part of the planned French invasion of Britain.

#James_Francis_Edward_Stuart

Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.

#Elisha_Otis

FedEx Express Flight 80: A McDonnell Douglas MD-11 flying from Guangzhou, China crashes at Tokyo's Narita International Airport, killing both the captain and the co-pilot.

#FedEx_Express_Flight_80

Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries.

#Waltham_Abbey_Church

Sino-French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Phu Lam Tao near H?ng Hóa, northern Vietnam.

#Sino-French_War

The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act of 1933, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.

#Reichstag_(Weimar_Republic)

The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.

#Mir

Guatemala's government, headed by Fernando Romeo Lucas García is overthrown in a military coup by right-wing General Efraín Ríos Montt.

#Guatemala

Emilio Aguinaldo, only President of the First Philippine Republic, was captured at Palanan, Isabela by the forces of General Frederick Funston.

#Emilio_Aguinaldo

Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.

#Paraguay

Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.

#Constitution_of_the_Philippines

The Lahore Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All-India Muslim League.

#Lahore_Resolution

American Civil War - The First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, marks the start of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign. Although a Confederate defeat, the engagement distracts Federal efforts to capture Richmond.

#First_Battle_of_Kernstown

Aeroflot Flight 593 crashed into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain, Kemerovo Oblast, Russia, killing 75.

#Aeroflot_Flight_593

American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech - "Give me liberty, or give me death!" - at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia.

#American_Revolutionary_War

Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian struggle for independence.

#Bhagat_Singh

Pakistan becomes the first Islamic republic in the world. This date is now celebrated as Republic Day in Pakistan.

#Pakistan

The first UNIFIL troops arrived in Lebanon for peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.

The first of The Nixon Interviews (12 will be recorded over four weeks) is videotaped with British journalist David Frost interviewing former United States President Richard Nixon about the Watergate scandal and the Nixon tapes.

The Hungarian air force attacks the headquarters of the Slovak air force in Spišská Nová Ves, killing 13 people and beginning the Slovak-Hungarian War.

First World War: On the third day of the German Spring Offensive, the 10th Battalion of the Royal West Kent Regiment is annihilated with many of the men becoming prisoners of war

In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional association football league, meets for the first time.

The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion.