History Events on January 30

The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.

#Lower_Trenton_Bridge

The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world's first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the north West coast of Wales, is opened.

#Menai_Suspension_Bridge

In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself.

#Richard_Lawrence_(failed_assassin)

The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of The Hallé orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.

#Manchester

The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed in London.

#Anglo-Japanese_Alliance

Off the coast of Ivory Coast, Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean, killing 169.

#Ivory_Coast

Tây S?n forces emerge victorious against Qing armies and liberate the capital Th?ng Long.

#Tây_S?n_dynasty

The Forty-seven r?nin, under the command of ?ishi Kuranosuke, avenge the death of their master, by killing Kira Yoshinaka.

#Forty-seven_r?nin

World War II: Raid at Cabanatuan: One hundred twenty-six American Rangers and Filipino resistance fighters liberate over 500 Allied prisoners from the Japanese-controlled Cabanatuan POW camp.

#Raid_at_Cabanatuan

Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, is ritually executed more than two years after his death, on the 12th anniversary of the execution of the monarch he himself deposed.

#Oliver_Cromwell

The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched.

#Ironclad_warship

Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen.

#Poland

Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco, California.

#Yerba_Buena,_California

An estimated 200 square miles (51,800 ha) along the coasts of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary in England are destroyed by massive flooding, resulting in an estimated 2,000 deaths.

#Bristol_Channel

Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.

#Eighty_Years'_War

The Monitor National Marine Sanctuary is established as the first United States National Marine Sanctuary.

#Monitor_National_Marine_Sanctuary

Indian pacifist and leader Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is released from prison by Jan C. Smuts after being tried and sentenced to two months in jail earlier in the month.

#Mahatma_Gandhi

The Politburo of the Soviet Union orders the extermination of the Kulaks.

#Politburo

The destroyer USS Terry makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of Douglas McCurdy ten miles from Havana, Cuba.

#USS_Terry_(DD-25)

The Troubles: Bloody Sunday: British paratroopers open fire on anti-internment marchers in Derry, Northern Ireland, killing 13 people; another person later dies of injuries sustained.

#The_Troubles

Vietnam War: Tet Offensive launch by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies.

#Vietnam_War

Workers from the National Institutes of Health announce the success of clinical trials testing the first preventive treatment for sickle-cell disease.

#National_Institutes_of_Health

Pakistan leaves the Commonwealth of Nations in protest of its recognition of breakaway Bangladesh.

#Pakistan

Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist.

#Assassination_of_Mahatma_Gandhi

In a bloodless coup, General Nguy?n Khánh overthrows General D??ng V?n Minh's military junta in South Vietnam.

#Nguy?n_Khánh

The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records in London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.

#The_Beatles

Naro-1 becomes the first carrier rocket launched by South Korea.

#Naro-1

World War II: Battle of Ambon. Japanese forces invade the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies. Some 300 captured Allied troops are massacred at Laha airfield. Three-fourths of remaining POWs did not survive at the end of the war, including 250 men who were shipped to Hainan Island in South China Sea and never returned.

#World_War_II

Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in the Mayerling.

#Archduke

The Government of Turkey expels Patriarch Constantine VI from Istanbul.

#Turkey

Adolf Hitler is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.

#Adolf_Hitler

Closure of the American embassy in Kabul, Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.

Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "Elk Cloner".

A Varig Boeing 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as Flight 820, disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.

The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.

MS Hans Hedtoft, said to be the safest ship afloat and "unsinkable" like the RMS Titanic, strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sinks, killing all 95 aboard.

African-American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.'s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

British South American Airways' Tudor IV Star Tiger disappears over the Bermuda Triangle.

World War II: The Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with German refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, killing approximately 9,500 people.

World War II: The Battle of Cisterna, part of Operation Shingle, begins in central Italy.

Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.

King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom.