History Events on January 09

Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.

#List_of_Byzantine_emperors

First Chechen War: Chechen separatists launch a raid against the helicopter airfield and later a civilian hospital in the city of Kizlyar in the neighboring Dagestan, which turns into a massive hostage crisis involving thousands of civilians.

#First_Chechen_War

World War I: The Battle of Rafa is fought near the Egyptian border with Palestine.

#Battle_of_Rafa

Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first person to fly in a balloon in the United States.

#Jean-Pierre_Blanchard

Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson, son of the poet Alfred Tennyson, becomes the second Governor-General of Australia.

#Hallam_Tennyson,_2nd_Baron_Tennyson

Mahmoud Abbas wins the election to succeed Yasser Arafat as President of the Palestinian National Authority, replacing interim president Rawhi Fattouh.

#Mahmoud_Abbas

Lithuanian residents of the Memel Territory rebel against the League of Nations' decision to leave the area as a mandated region under French control.

#Lithuanians

Ahmad Shah Durrani defeats the Marathas in the Battle of Barari Ghat.

#Ahmad_Shah_Durrani

The 7.9 Mw? Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent).

#1857_Fort_Tejon_earthquake

Judges' investigations for the trial of Joan of Arc begin in Rouen.

#Joan_of_Arc

Anson Jones, the last President of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide.

#Anson_Jones

The perpetrators of the Charlie Hebdo shooting in Paris two days earlier are both killed after a hostage situation; a second hostage situation, related to the Charlie Hebdo shooting, occurs at a Jewish market in Vincennes.

#Charlie_Hebdo_shooting

Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union before the outbreak of the American Civil War.

#Mississippi

Treaty of Jassy between Russian and Ottoman Empire is signed.

#Treaty_of_Jassy

The French Academy of Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.

#French_Academy_of_Sciences

Representatives from the United States and Iraq meet at the Geneva Peace Conference to try to find a peaceful resolution to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.

#Iraq

Jin-Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing (Kaifeng), the capital of the Song dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong of Song and others, ending the Northern Song dynasty.

#Jin-Song_Wars

President of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser opens construction on the Aswan Dam by detonating ten tons of dynamite to demolish twenty tons of granite on the east bank of the Nile.

#President_of_Egypt

The first discoveries of extrasolar planets are announced by astronomers Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail. They discovered two planets orbiting the pulsar PSR 1257+12.

#Exoplanet

World War II: The Sixth United States Army begins the invasion of Lingayen Gulf.

#Sixth_United_States_Army

Wanyan Liang and other court officials murder Emperor Xizong of Jin. Wanyan Liang succeeds him as emperor.

#Wanyan_Liang

A fire at the Laurier Palace movie theatre in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, kills 78 children.

#Laurier_Palace_Theatre_fire

The Sudan People's Liberation Movement and the Government of Sudan sign the Comprehensive Peace Agreement to end the Second Sudanese Civil War.

#Sudan_People's_Liberation_Movement

World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli concludes with an Ottoman Empire victory when the last Allied forces are evacuated from the peninsula.

#World_War_I

American Civil War: "Star of the West" incident occurs near Charleston, South Carolina.

#American_Civil_War

Iran Air Flight 277 crashes near Orumiyeh in the northwest of the country, killing 77 people.

#Iran_Air_Flight_277

British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the Napoleonic Wars.

#Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom

The Portuguese prince Pedro I of Brazil decides to stay in Brazil against the orders of the Portuguese King João VI, beginning the Brazilian independence process.

#Pedro_I_of_Brazil

An inflatable boat carrying illegal Albanian emigrants stalls near the Karaburun Peninsula en route to Brindisi, Italy; exposure to the elements kills 28. This is the second deadliest marine disaster in Albanian history.

#Inflatable_boat

A mass poisoning at a funeral in Mozambique involving beer that was contaminated with Burkholderia gladioli leaves 75 dead and over 230 people ill.

#Mozambique_funeral_beer_poisoning

Connecticut becomes the fifth state to ratify the Constitution.

#Connecticut

Umberto I becomes King of Italy.

#Umberto_I_of_Italy

Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, plants the British flag 97 nautical miles (180 km; 112 mi) from the South Pole, the farthest anyone had ever reached at that time.

#Ernest_Shackleton

Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro flight.

#Juan_de_la_Cierva

Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson receives a state funeral and is interred in St Paul's Cathedral.

#Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson

Sir Humphry Davy tests his safety lamp for miners at Hebburn Colliery.

#Humphry_Davy

Apple CEO Steve Jobs introduces the original iPhone at a Macworld keynote in San Francisco.

#Apple_Inc.

Battle of Bear Valley: The last battle of the American Indian Wars.

#Battle_of_Bear_Valley

The Jewish population of Basel, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing Black Death, is rounded up and incinerated.

#Basel

British authorities announce they have uncovered the Soviet Portland Spy Ring in London.

#Soviet_Union

British Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden resigns from office following his failure to retake the Suez Canal from Egyptian sovereignty.

#Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom

World War II: First flight of the Avro Lancaster.

#World_War_II

An explosion at a Mitsubishi Materials chemical plant in Yokkaichi, Japan, kills at least five people and injures 17 others.

The Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina proclaims the creation of Republika Srpska, a new state within Yugoslavia.

The Mirzapur Cadet College formally opens for academic activities in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).

Martyrs' Day: Several Panamanian youths try to raise the Panamanian flag in the U.S.-controlled Panama Canal Zone, leading to fighting between U.S. military and Panamanian civilians.

Greco-Turkish War: The First Battle of ?nönü, the first battle of the war, begins near Eski?ehir in Anatolia.

Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity Inc., the first historically black intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity to be officially recognized at Howard University, is founded.

New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.

Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain.