History Events on December 09

American Revolutionary War: British troops lose the Battle of Great Bridge, and leave Virginia soon afterward.

#American_Revolutionary_War

Patriot forces led by General Antonio José de Sucre defeat a Royalist army in the Battle of Ayacucho, putting an end to the Peruvian War of Independence.

#Antonio_José_de_Sucre

Israeli-Palestinian conflict: The First Intifada begins in the Gaza Strip and West Bank.

#Israeli-Palestinian_conflict

The Virgin of Guadalupe first appears to Juan Diego at Tepeyac, Mexico City.

#Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe

The eradication of the smallpox virus is certified, making smallpox the first of only two diseases that have been driven to extinction (rinderpest in 2011 being the other).

#Smallpox

Glorious Revolution: Williamite forces defeat Jacobites at Battle of Reading, forcing flight of James II from the country.

#Glorious_Revolution

Cold War: Harry Gold is sentenced to 30 years in jail for helping Klaus Fuchs pass information about the Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union. His testimony is later instrumental in the prosecution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.

#Cold_War

In Louisiana, P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first African-American governor of a U.S. state.

#Louisiana

The Catholic University of Leuven is founded.

#Old_University_of_Leuven

The first YMCA in North America is established in Montreal.

#YMCA

At least 57 people are killed and a further 177 injured when two schoolgirl suicide bombers attack a market area in Madagali, Northeastern Nigeria in the Madagali suicide bombings.

#Madagali

U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers proposes his plan for a ceasefire in the War of Attrition; Egypt and Jordan accept it over the objections of the PLO, which leads to civil war in Jordan in September 1970.

#William_P._Rogers

The Downtown Athletic Club Trophy, later renamed the Heisman Trophy, is awarded for the first time. The winner is halfback Jay Berwanger of the University of Chicago.

#Downtown_Athletic_Club

The "Subsequent Nuremberg trials" begin with the "Doctors' trial", prosecuting physicians and officers alleged to be involved in Nazi human experimentation and mass murder under the guise of euthanasia.

#Subsequent_Nuremberg_trials

Douglas Engelbart gave what became known as "The Mother of All Demos", publicly debuting the computer mouse, hypertext, and the bit-mapped graphical user interface using the oN-Line System (NLS).

#Douglas_Engelbart

American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U.S. Congress.

#American_Civil_War

The Iranian city of Bushehr surrenders to occupying British forces.

#Iran

Texas Revolution: The Texian Army captures San Antonio, Texas.

#Texas_Revolution

Walter Liggett, American newspaper editor and muckraker, is killed in a gangland murder.

#Walter_Liggett

The Governor of Illinois, Rod Blagojevich, is arrested by federal officials for crimes including attempting to sell the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by President-elect Barack Obama.

#Governor_of_Illinois

A plane crash in Mexico kills seven people.

#2012_Mexico_Learjet_25_crash

New York City's first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster.

#Newspaper

Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Nanking: Japanese troops under the command of Lt. Gen. Asaka Yasuhiko launch an assault on the Chinese city of Nanjing (Nanking).

#Second_Sino-Japanese_War

Indo-Pakistani War: The Indian Air Force executes an airdrop of Indian Army units, bypassing Pakistani defences.

#Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971

American troops land in Somalia for Operation Restore Hope.

#Somalia

The start of the thirty-sixth GCC summit in Riyadh business.

#Gulf_Cooperation_Council

Activist Marguerite Durand founds the feminist daily newspaper La Fronde in Paris.

#Marguerite_Durand

President Park Geun-hye of South Korea is impeached by the country's National Assembly in response to a major political scandal. Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn becomes Acting President, later declining to run for a full term.

#President_of_South_Korea

Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810, a Canadair North Star, crashes near Hope, British Columbia, Canada, killing all 62 people on board.

#Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_810

In France, the law separating church and state is passed.

#1905_French_law_on_the_Separation_of_the_Churches_and_the_State

Student protests in Beiping (now Beijing)'s Tiananmen Square, dispersed by government.

#December_9th_Movement

World War II: Operation Compass: British and Indian troops under the command of Major-General Richard O'Connor attack Italian forces near Sidi Barrani in Egypt.

#World_War_II

The Petrified Forest National Park is established in Arizona.

#Petrified_Forest_National_Park

Tanganyika becomes independent from Britain.

#Tanganyika

Kecksburg UFO incident: A fireball is seen from Michigan to Pennsylvania; witnesses report something crashing in the woods near Pittsburgh.

#Kecksburg_UFO_incident

Gabriel Narutowicz is elected the first president of Poland.

#Gabriel_Narutowicz

Gothic War: The Byzantine general Belisarius enters Rome unopposed; the Gothic garrison flee the capital.

#Gothic_War_(535-554)

Australia becomes the 26th country to legalize same-sex marriage.

#Australia

World War II: The American 19th Bombardment Group attacks Japanese ships off the coast of Vigan, Luzon.

#19th_Operations_Group

The Constituent Assembly of India meets for the first time to write the Constitution of India.

#Constituent_Assembly_of_India

A blast in the center of Moscow kills six people and wounds several more.

#2003_Red_Square_bombing

A mine explosion near Briceville, Tennessee, kills 84 miners despite rescue efforts led by the United States Bureau of Mines.

#Cross_Mountain_Mine_disaster

Odoacer, first King of Italy, occupies Dalmatia. He later establishes his political power with the co-operation of the Roman Senate.

#Odoacer

World War I: Field Marshal Allenby captures Jerusalem, Palestine.

#World_War_I

ISIL is eliminated from Iraq.

At least seven are dead and 63 are injured following a train accident near Bintaro, Indonesia.

Gwen Jacob is acquitted of committing an indecent act, giving women the right to be topfree in Ontario, Canada.

The Michael Hughes Bridge in Sligo, Ireland, is officially opened.

Explosion in office belonging to the Kuwait Airways in Athens.

British and Irish authorities sign the Sunningdale Agreement in an attempt to establish a power-sharing Northern Ireland Executive and a cross-border Council of Ireland.

A Charlie Brown Christmas, first in a series of Peanuts television specials, debuts on CBS.

The first episode of Coronation Street, the world's longest-running television soap opera, is broadcast in the United Kingdom.

The John Birch Society is founded in the United States.

Red Scare: General Electric announces that all communist employees will be discharged from the company.

The Genocide Convention is adopted.

World War II: The Republic of China, Cuba, Guatemala, and the Philippine Commonwealth, declare war on Germany and Japan.

The Constituent Cortes approves a constitution which establishes the Second Spanish Republic.

English football club Newcastle United is founded

Battle of Marj Ardabil: The Khazars annihilate an Umayyad army and kill its commander, Al-Jarrah Ibn Abdallah Al-Hakami.